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Claude Bernard Quotes

All the vital mechanisms, varied as they are, have only one object, that of preserving constant the conditions of life in the internal environment Picture Quote #1

Progress is achieved by exchanging our theories for new ones which go further than the old, until we find one based on a larger number of facts... Theories are only hypotheses, verified by more or less numerous facts. Those verified by the most facts are the best, but even then they are never final, never to be absolutely believed Picture Quote #1

Men who believe too firmly in their theories, do not believe enough in the theories of others. So... these despisers of their fellows... make experiments only to destroy a theory, instead of to seek the truth Picture Quote #1

In the patient who succumbed, the cause of death was evidently something which was not found in the patient who recovered; this something we must determine, and then we can act on the phenomena or recognize and foresee them accurately. But not by statistics shall we succeed in this; never have statistics taught anything, and never can they teach anything about the nature of the phenomenon Picture Quote #1

Proof that a given condition always precedes or accompanies a phenomenon does not warrant concluding with certainty that a given condition is the immediate cause of that phenomenon. It must still be established that when this condition is removed, the phenomen will no longer appear Picture Quote #1

With the aid of these active experimental sciences man becomes an inventor of phenomena, a real foreman of creation; and under this head we cannot set limits to the power that he may gain over nature through future progress of the experimental sciences Picture Quote #1

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In science, the best precept is to alter and exchange our ideas as fast as science moves ahead Picture Quote #1

Men who have excessive faith in their theories or ideas are not only ill prepared for making discoveries; they also make very poor observations. Of necessity, they observe with a preconceived idea, and when they devise an experiment, they can see, in its results,only a confirmation of their theory. In this way they distort observation and often neglect very important facts because they do not further their aim Picture Quote #1

Science admits no exceptions; otherwise there would be no determinism in science, or rather, there would be no science Picture Quote #1

We must keep our freedom of mind,... and must believe that in nature what is absurd, according to our theories, is not always impossible Picture Quote #1

The mental never influences the physical. It is always the physical that modifies the mental, and when we think that the mind is diseased, it is always an illusion Picture Quote #1

A great discovery is a fact whose appearance in science gives rise to shining ideas, whose light dispels many obscurities and shows us new paths Picture Quote #1

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When we meet a fact which contradicts a prevailing theory, we must accept the fact and abandon the theory, even when the theory is supported by great names and generally accepted Picture Quote #1

The science of life is a superb and dazzlingly lighted hall which may be reached only by passing through a long and ghastly kitchen Picture Quote #1

The true worth of an experimenter consists in his pursuing not only what he seeks in his experiment, but also what he did not seek Picture Quote #1

The experimenter who does not know what he is looking for will not understand what he finds Picture Quote #1

Theories are only verified hypotheses, verified by more or less numerous facts. Those verified by the most facts are the best, but even then they are never final, never to be absolutely believed Picture Quote #1

The true worth of a researcher lies in pursuing what he did not seek in his experiment as well as what he sought Picture Quote #1

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But while I accept specialization in the practice, I reject it utterly in the theory of science Picture Quote #1

In teaching man, experimental science results in lessening his pride more and more by proving to him every day that primary causes, like the objective reality of things, will be hidden from him forever and that he can only know relations Picture Quote #1

A fact in itself is nothing. It is valuable only for the idea attached to it, or for the proof which it furnishes Picture Quote #1

Put off your imagination, as you put off your overcoat, when you enter the laboratory. Put it on again, as you put on your overcoat, when you leave Picture Quote #1

The doubter is a true man of science; he doubts only himself and his interpretations, but he believes in science Picture Quote #1

We must remain, in a word, in an intellectual disposition which seems paradoxical, but which, in my opinion, represents the true mind of the investigator. We must have a robust faith and yet not believe Picture Quote #1

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It is impossible to devise an experiment without a preconceived idea; devising an experiment, we said, is putting a question; we never conceive a question without an idea which invites an answer. I consider it, therefore, an absolute principle that experiments must always be devised in view of a preconceived idea, no matter if the idea be not very clear nor very well defined Picture Quote #1

Even mistaken hypotheses and theories are of use in leading to discoveries. This remark is true in all the sciences. The alchemists founded chemistry by pursuing chimerical problems and theories which are false. In physical science, which is more advanced than biology, we might still cite men of science who make great discoveries by relying on false theories. It seems, indeed, a necessary weakness of our mind to be able to reach truth only across a multitude of errors and obstacles Picture Quote #1

Descriptive anatomy is to physiology what geography is to history, and just as it is not enough to know the typography of a country to understand its history, so also it is not enough to know the anatomy of organs to understand their functions Picture Quote #1

Now, a living organism is nothing but a wonderful machine endowed with the most marvellous properties and set going by means of the most complex and delicate mechanism Picture Quote #1

The first entirely vital action, so termed because it is not effected outside the influence of life, consists in the creation of the glycogenic material in the living hepatic tissue. The second entirely chemical action, which can be effected outside the influence of life, consists in the transformation of the glycogenic material into sugar by means of a ferment Picture Quote #1

We achieve more than we know. We know more than we understand. We understand more than we can explain Picture Quote #1

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All the vital mechanisms, varied as they are, have only one object, that of preserving constant the conditions of life in the internal environment (Claude Bernard Quotes) Progress is achieved by exchanging our theories for new ones which go further than the old, until we find one based on a larger number of facts... Theories are only hypotheses, verified by more or less numerous facts. Those verified by the most facts are the best, but even then they are never final, never to be absolutely believed (Claude Bernard Quotes) Men who believe too firmly in their theories, do not believe enough in the theories of others. So... these despisers of their fellows... make experiments only to destroy a theory, instead of to seek the truth (Claude Bernard Quotes) In the patient who succumbed, the cause of death was evidently something which was not found in the patient who recovered; this something we must determine, and then we can act on the phenomena or recognize and foresee them accurately. But not by statistics shall we succeed in this; never have statistics taught anything, and never can they teach anything about the nature of the phenomenon (Claude Bernard Quotes) Proof that a given condition always precedes or accompanies a phenomenon does not warrant concluding with certainty that a given condition is the immediate cause of that phenomenon. It must still be established that when this condition is removed, the phenomen will no longer appear (Claude Bernard Quotes) With the aid of these active experimental sciences man becomes an inventor of phenomena, a real foreman of creation; and under this head we cannot set limits to the power that he may gain over nature through future progress of the experimental sciences (Claude Bernard Quotes) In science, the best precept is to alter and exchange our ideas as fast as science moves ahead (Claude Bernard Quotes) Men who have excessive faith in their theories or ideas are not only ill prepared for making discoveries; they also make very poor observations. Of necessity, they observe with a preconceived idea, and when they devise an experiment, they can see, in its results,only a confirmation of their theory. In this way they distort observation and often neglect very important facts because they do not further their aim (Claude Bernard Quotes) Science admits no exceptions; otherwise there would be no determinism in science, or rather, there would be no science (Claude Bernard Quotes) We must keep our freedom of mind,... and must believe that in nature what is absurd, according to our theories, is not always impossible (Claude Bernard Quotes) The mental never influences the physical. It is always the physical that modifies the mental, and when we think that the mind is diseased, it is always an illusion (Claude Bernard Quotes) A great discovery is a fact whose appearance in science gives rise to shining ideas, whose light dispels many obscurities and shows us new paths (Claude Bernard Quotes) When we meet a fact which contradicts a prevailing theory, we must accept the fact and abandon the theory, even when the theory is supported by great names and generally accepted (Claude Bernard Quotes) The science of life is a superb and dazzlingly lighted hall which may be reached only by passing through a long and ghastly kitchen (Claude Bernard Quotes) The true worth of an experimenter consists in his pursuing not only what he seeks in his experiment, but also what he did not seek (Claude Bernard Quotes) The experimenter who does not know what he is looking for will not understand what he finds (Claude Bernard Quotes) Theories are only verified hypotheses, verified by more or less numerous facts. Those verified by the most facts are the best, but even then they are never final, never to be absolutely believed (Claude Bernard Quotes) The true worth of a researcher lies in pursuing what he did not seek in his experiment as well as what he sought (Claude Bernard Quotes) But while I accept specialization in the practice, I reject it utterly in the theory of science (Claude Bernard Quotes) In teaching man, experimental science results in lessening his pride more and more by proving to him every day that primary causes, like the objective reality of things, will be hidden from him forever and that he can only know relations (Claude Bernard Quotes) A fact in itself is nothing. It is valuable only for the idea attached to it, or for the proof which it furnishes (Claude Bernard Quotes) Put off your imagination, as you put off your overcoat, when you enter the laboratory. Put it on again, as you put on your overcoat, when you leave (Claude Bernard Quotes) The doubter is a true man of science; he doubts only himself and his interpretations, but he believes in science (Claude Bernard Quotes) We must remain, in a word, in an intellectual disposition which seems paradoxical, but which, in my opinion, represents the true mind of the investigator. We must have a robust faith and yet not believe (Claude Bernard Quotes) It is impossible to devise an experiment without a preconceived idea; devising an experiment, we said, is putting a question; we never conceive a question without an idea which invites an answer. I consider it, therefore, an absolute principle that experiments must always be devised in view of a preconceived idea, no matter if the idea be not very clear nor very well defined (Claude Bernard Quotes) Even mistaken hypotheses and theories are of use in leading to discoveries. This remark is true in all the sciences. The alchemists founded chemistry by pursuing chimerical problems and theories which are false. In physical science, which is more advanced than biology, we might still cite men of science who make great discoveries by relying on false theories. It seems, indeed, a necessary weakness of our mind to be able to reach truth only across a multitude of errors and obstacles (Claude Bernard Quotes) Descriptive anatomy is to physiology what geography is to history, and just as it is not enough to know the typography of a country to understand its history, so also it is not enough to know the anatomy of organs to understand their functions (Claude Bernard Quotes) Now, a living organism is nothing but a wonderful machine endowed with the most marvellous properties and set going by means of the most complex and delicate mechanism (Claude Bernard Quotes) The first entirely vital action, so termed because it is not effected outside the influence of life, consists in the creation of the glycogenic material in the living hepatic tissue. The second entirely chemical action, which can be effected outside the influence of life, consists in the transformation of the glycogenic material into sugar by means of a ferment (Claude Bernard Quotes) We achieve more than we know. We know more than we understand. We understand more than we can explain (Claude Bernard Quotes)

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