In democratic society each citizen is habitually busy with the contemplation of a very petty object, which is himself

In democratic society each citizen is habitually busy with the contemplation of a very petty object, which is himself

Alexis de Tocqueville, a French political thinker and historian, made the observation that in a democratic society, each citizen is habitually busy with the contemplation of a very petty object, which is himself. This statement reflects Tocqueville's belief that in a democratic society, individuals tend to be self-absorbed and focused on their own interests and concerns, rather than on the common good or the well-being of society as a whole.

Tocqueville's observation can be seen as a critique of the individualism and self-centeredness that can be prevalent in democratic societies. In a society where individuals are free to pursue their own interests and goals, there is a tendency for people to become preoccupied with their own needs and desires, often at the expense of others. This can lead to a lack of concern for the welfare of the community and a breakdown of social cohesion.

Tocqueville believed that this focus on the self could have negative consequences for democracy, as it could lead to a lack of civic engagement and a weakening of the social fabric. When individuals are primarily concerned with their own interests, they may be less likely to participate in the political process, volunteer in their communities, or work towards the common good. This can result in a society that is fragmented and divided, with individuals pursuing their own interests at the expense of the greater good.

However, Tocqueville also recognized the importance of individualism in a democratic society. He believed that the freedom and autonomy of individuals were essential to the functioning of democracy, as they allowed people to pursue their own interests and contribute to the diversity and vitality of society. Tocqueville saw individualism as a double-edged sword, capable of both strengthening and undermining democracy, depending on how it was channeled and expressed.